Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Terminalia ivorensis on Ethanol Induced Infertility in Male Rats
Ugwu Obiora Celestine
*
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Umeakuana Chidinma Doris
Department of Food and Industrial Biotechnology, National Biotechnology and Research Development Agency, Abuja Nigeria.
Ogbonna Chidera Gloria
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, State University of Medical and Applied Sciences, Igbo Eno, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Ude Ogochukwu Presca
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria.
Adonu Cyril Chekwube
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria.
Asogwa Felix Keneolisa
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria.
Uzoefuna Chima Casmir
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, State University of Medical and Applied Sciences, Igbo Eno, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Idokoja Levi Onyebuchi
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria.
Nwokedi Chukwuebuka Kingsley
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria.
Offia Ogbonna Raymond
Department of Pharmacology and therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
Anosike Chioma Assumpta
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: This research investigates the Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Terminalia ivorensis on Ethanol Induced Infertility in Male Rats. Infertility is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse for couples under 35, or after six months for those over 35. It affects both men and women, with various factors contributing to the condition. Terminalia ivorensis has been claimed from traditional healers for the treatment of infertility hence the study.
Method: Quantitative phytochemical analysis, toxicity test and other biochemical analysis was carried out using standard method.
Results: Seven hundred grammes (700 g) of dried crude sample of Ethyl acetate Fraction of Terminalia ivorensis leaves powder gave a percentage yield of 6.28%. The study revealed that flavonoids, tannins, and phenols were present in high concentration, alkaloids, terpenoids and glycosides were present in moderate concentration, whereas saponins, steroids and hydrogen cyanide were present in low concentration. The toxicity result showed that the extract was not toxic even at the highest dosage (5000 mg/kg body weight) administered, indicating that the extract is safe for consumption. The results shown in the Table 3 indicates that groups treated with 200mg/kg,400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weight of extract significantly (P < 0.05) increased in testosterone level when compared to positive control; whereas groups treated with 200mg/kg,400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weight of extract showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher in LH and FSH when compared with positive control. The results in the Table 3 showed that groups treated with 200mg/kg,400mg/kg and 600kg/kg body weight of extract significantly (P < 0.05) decreases in sluggish, and dead sperm level when compared with positive control whereas groups treated with 200mg/kg,400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weight significantly (P < 0.05) increased active, sperm count and normal sperm when compared with positive control.
Conclusion: The plant extract has ant infertility properties and can be recommend as an alternative therapy for infertility in male.
Keywords: Toxicity, infertility, alkaloids, sperm production